Top 50 Indian Freedom Movement MCQs for Government Job Exams

The Indian Freedom Movement is one of the most important sections of Modern Indian History for government job examinations. Questions are frequently asked about the Revolt of 1857, the Indian National Congress, the Swadeshi Movement, Gandhian movements, revolutionary organisations, constitutional developments and the final transfer of power.

This collection contains 50 carefully selected Indian Freedom Movement MCQs with answers and short explanations. The questions are useful for:

SSC CGL, CHSL, MTS and GD RRB NTPC and Group D UPSC and State PSC examinations Police and defence recruitment examinations Banking and insurance examinations Teaching and clerical recruitment tests West Bengal government job examinations Other competitive examinations containing History or General Awareness

The dates and events have been cross-checked using standard educational and historical references, including the NCERT textbook portal, Gandhi Heritage Portal, Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav Freedom Struggle archive and the National Archives of India.

Indian Freedom Movement: Quick Revision Timeline Year Important event 1857 Revolt of 1857 began 1858 Company rule ended; British Crown assumed direct control 1885 Indian National Congress founded 1905 Partition of Bengal and beginning of Swadeshi Movement 1906 All-India Muslim League founded 1907 Surat Split of the Congress 1916 Home Rule Movement and Lucknow Pact 1917 Champaran Satyagraha 1918 Ahmedabad Mill Strike and Kheda Satyagraha 1919 Rowlatt Act and Jallianwala Bagh massacre 1920 Non-Cooperation Movement launched 1922 Chauri Chaura incident and withdrawal of Non-Cooperation 1923 Swaraj Party founded 1925 Kakori Train Action 1928 Simon Commission protests and Nehru Report 1929 Lahore Congress and Purna Swaraj resolution 1930 Dandi March, Civil Disobedience and Chittagong Armoury Raid 1931 Gandhi–Irwin Pact and Second Round Table Conference 1932 Poona Pact 1935 Government of India Act, 1935 1939 Forward Bloc founded 1940 Individual Satyagraha began 1942 Cripps Mission and Quit India Movement 1943 Provisional Government of Azad Hind established 1946 Cabinet Mission arrived in India 1947 Mountbatten Plan, Indian Independence Act and Independence Top 50 Indian Freedom Movement MCQs

1. From which place did the Revolt of 1857 begin on 10 May 1857?

A. Delhi B. Meerut C. Kanpur D. Lucknow

Answer: B. Meerut

Explanation: The uprising began among Indian soldiers at Meerut on 10 May 1857. The rebels later marched to Delhi and declared Bahadur Shah Zafar their leader.

1. What was the immediate military cause of the Revolt of 1857?

A. Doctrine of Lapse B. High land revenue C. Greased cartridges of the Enfield rifle D. Annexation of Awadh

Answer: C. Greased cartridges of the Enfield rifle

Explanation: The cartridges were believed to have been greased with cow and pig fat. Soldiers had to bite them open, offending both Hindu and Muslim religious beliefs.

1. Who was declared the symbolic leader of the Revolt of 1857?

A. Nana Sahib B. Tantia Tope C. Bahadur Shah Zafar D. Kunwar Singh

Answer: C. Bahadur Shah Zafar

Explanation: Bahadur Shah II, popularly known as Bahadur Shah Zafar, was the last Mughal emperor. The rebels proclaimed him the Emperor of India in Delhi.

1. Who led the Revolt of 1857 in Kanpur?

A. Nana Sahib B. Begum Hazrat Mahal C. Kunwar Singh D. Bakht Khan

Answer: A. Nana Sahib

Explanation: Nana Sahib led the uprising in Kanpur. Tantia Tope was one of his important military commanders.

1. Who was a prominent leader of the Revolt of 1857 in Lucknow?

A. Rani Lakshmibai B. Begum Hazrat Mahal C. Rani Gaidinliu D. Annie Besant

Answer: B. Begum Hazrat Mahal

Explanation: Begum Hazrat Mahal led the resistance in Lucknow and declared her son, Birjis Qadr, the ruler of Awadh.

1. Who led the revolt against British rule in Jhansi?

A. Rani Durgavati B. Rani Lakshmibai C. Ahilyabai Holkar D. Kittur Chennamma

Answer: B. Rani Lakshmibai

Explanation: Rani Lakshmibai became one of the most recognised leaders of the Revolt of 1857. She died fighting British forces near Gwalior in 1858.

1. The Doctrine of Lapse was most closely associated with which Governor-General?

A. Lord Curzon B. Lord Wellesley C. Lord Dalhousie D. Lord Canning

Answer: C. Lord Dalhousie

Explanation: Under the Doctrine of Lapse, the British annexed princely states where the ruler died without a natural male heir recognised by the Company.

1. Which legislation transferred the administration of India from the East India Company to the British Crown?

A. Regulating Act, 1773 B. Pitt’s India Act, 1784 C. Charter Act, 1833 D. Government of India Act, 1858

Answer: D. Government of India Act, 1858

Explanation: Following the Revolt of 1857, the Government of India Act, 1858 ended East India Company rule and brought India under direct British Crown administration.

1. Where was the first session of the Indian National Congress held in 1885?

A. Calcutta B. Bombay C. Madras D. Allahabad

Answer: B. Bombay

Explanation: The first session was held at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College in Bombay, now Mumbai, in December 1885.

1. Who was the first president of the Indian National Congress?

A. Dadabhai Naoroji B. A.O. Hume C. W.C. Bonnerjee D. Surendranath Banerjee

Answer: C. W.C. Bonnerjee

Explanation: Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee presided over the first INC session in Bombay in 1885.

1. Which retired British civil servant played a major organising role in the establishment of the Indian National Congress?

A. A.O. Hume B. William Wedderburn C. Lord Ripon D. Lord Dufferin

Answer: A. A.O. Hume

Explanation: Allan Octavian Hume helped establish the Indian National Congress in 1885 and worked with early Indian political leaders.

1. Who is popularly known as the “Grand Old Man of India”?

A. Gopal Krishna Gokhale B. Dadabhai Naoroji C. Bal Gangadhar Tilak D. M.G. Ranade

Answer: B. Dadabhai Naoroji

Explanation: Dadabhai Naoroji was a leading early nationalist and an important critic of British economic rule in India.

1. Which book written by Dadabhai Naoroji explained the economic “Drain of Wealth” from India?

A. The Discovery of India B. India Wins Freedom C. Poverty and Un-British Rule in India D. Unhappy India

Answer: C. Poverty and Un-British Rule in India

Explanation: Naoroji argued that British policies transferred India’s resources and income to Britain, contributing to widespread poverty.

1. Who announced the Partition of Bengal in 1905?

A. Lord Lytton B. Lord Curzon C. Lord Ripon D. Lord Minto

Answer: B. Lord Curzon

Explanation: Bengal was partitioned in 1905 during Lord Curzon’s viceroyalty. Nationalists viewed the decision as an attempt to divide Indians along communal and regional lines.

1. Which movement developed as an immediate response to the Partition of Bengal?

A. Home Rule Movement B. Civil Disobedience Movement C. Swadeshi and Boycott Movement D. Quit India Movement

Answer: C. Swadeshi and Boycott Movement

Explanation: The movement promoted indigenous goods and encouraged the boycott of British products, educational institutions and other colonial establishments.

1. Which group is correctly identified as “Lal–Bal–Pal”?

A. Gokhale, Naoroji and Mehta B. Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal C. Gandhi, Nehru and Patel D. Subhas Bose, Bhagat Singh and Chandrashekhar Azad

Answer: B. Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal

Explanation: Lal–Bal–Pal represented assertive nationalism in Punjab, Maharashtra and Bengal respectively.

1. At which Congress session did the Moderates and Extremists split in 1907?

A. Bombay Session, 1885 B. Calcutta Session, 1906 C. Lucknow Session, 1916 D. Surat Session, 1907

Answer: D. Surat Session, 1907

Explanation: Differences over leadership, methods and the future direction of the national movement led to the Surat Split.

1. Where was the All-India Muslim League founded in 1906?

A. Dacca B. Lahore C. Aligarh D. Karachi

Answer: A. Dacca

Explanation: The All-India Muslim League was founded at Dacca, now Dhaka, in December 1906.

1. Who were the principal leaders of the Home Rule Movement in India?

A. Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru B. Gokhale and Dadabhai Naoroji C. Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Annie Besant D. Subhas Bose and C.R. Das

Answer: C. Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Annie Besant

Explanation: Tilak and Annie Besant established separate Home Rule Leagues in 1916 to demand self-government for India.

1. The Lucknow Pact of 1916 was an agreement between which two organisations?

A. Congress and Hindu Mahasabha B. Indian National Congress and All-India Muslim League C. Muslim League and Justice Party D. Congress and Communist Party of India

Answer: B. Indian National Congress and All-India Muslim League

Explanation: The Lucknow Pact marked cooperation between the Congress and Muslim League over constitutional reforms and political representation.

1. Which was Mahatma Gandhi’s first major satyagraha in India?

A. Champaran Satyagraha B. Kheda Satyagraha C. Bardoli Satyagraha D. Salt Satyagraha

Answer: A. Champaran Satyagraha

Explanation: Gandhi launched the Champaran Satyagraha in Bihar in 1917 to address the exploitation of indigo cultivators.

1. Which movement demanded suspension of land revenue after crop failure in Gujarat?

A. Bardoli Satyagraha B. Ahmedabad Mill Strike C. Champaran Satyagraha D. Kheda Satyagraha

Answer: D. Kheda Satyagraha

Explanation: Gandhi, Vallabhbhai Patel and other leaders supported peasants in Kheda in 1918 when the colonial government refused to suspend revenue collection after crop failure.

1. Which Act allowed the colonial government to detain people without trial?

A. Indian Councils Act, 1909 B. Government of India Act, 1919 C. Rowlatt Act, 1919 D. Indian Councils Act, 1892

Answer: C. Rowlatt Act, 1919

Explanation: The Rowlatt Act gave the government extraordinary powers of arrest and detention. Gandhi organised a nationwide protest against it.

1. Who ordered the firing at Jallianwala Bagh on 13 April 1919?

A. Lord Chelmsford B. Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer C. Michael O’Dwyer D. Lord Irwin

Answer: B. Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer

Explanation: Dyer ordered troops to fire on an unarmed gathering at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar. Michael O’Dwyer was the Lieutenant-Governor of Punjab at the time.

1. Which leaders were popularly known as the Ali Brothers during the Khilafat Movement?

A. Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali B. Abul Kalam Azad and Hakim Ajmal Khan C. Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Liaquat Ali Khan D. Hasrat Mohani and Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari

Answer: A. Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali

Explanation: The Ali Brothers were prominent Khilafat leaders who cooperated with Gandhi during the Non-Cooperation Movement.

1. In which year was the Non-Cooperation Movement launched?

A. 1917 B. 1919 C. 1920 D. 1922

Answer: C. 1920

Explanation: The movement encouraged the boycott of British institutions, titles, schools, courts and foreign goods. It was approved in 1920 and became the first major nationwide Gandhian mass movement.

1. Which incident caused Gandhi to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement?

A. Kakori Train Action B. Jallianwala Bagh massacre C. Bardoli Satyagraha D. Chauri Chaura incident

Answer: D. Chauri Chaura incident

Explanation: In February 1922, protesters at Chauri Chaura set fire to a police station, killing several policemen. Gandhi withdrew the movement because it had turned violent.

1. Who founded the Swaraj Party in 1923?

A. Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel B. C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru C. Subhas Bose and Jawaharlal Nehru D. Tilak and Annie Besant

Answer: B. C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru

Explanation: The Swaraj Party sought to enter the legislative councils and obstruct colonial governance from within.

1. Which was the only Indian National Congress session presided over by Mahatma Gandhi?

A. Belgaum Session, 1924 B. Lahore Session, 1929 C. Lucknow Session, 1916 D. Karachi Session, 1931

Answer: A. Belgaum Session, 1924

Explanation: Gandhi served as Congress president only once, at the Belgaum Session held in 1924.

1. The Kakori Train Action of 1925 was carried out by members of which organisation?

A. Anushilan Samiti B. Ghadar Party C. Hindustan Republican Association D. Forward Bloc

Answer: C. Hindustan Republican Association

Explanation: Revolutionaries including Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqullah Khan, Rajendra Lahiri and others targeted a government treasury being transported by train.

1. Who became the first Indian woman president of the Indian National Congress?

A. Annie Besant B. Sarojini Naidu C. Vijayalakshmi Pandit D. Aruna Asaf Ali

Answer: B. Sarojini Naidu

Explanation: Sarojini Naidu presided over the Kanpur Session in 1925. Annie Besant was the first woman president of the Congress, while Sarojini Naidu was the first Indian woman to hold the post.

1. Why was the Simon Commission boycotted in India?

A. It recommended complete independence B. It supported the Partition of Bengal C. It abolished provincial legislatures D. It had no Indian member

Answer: D. It had no Indian member

Explanation: The Commission consisted entirely of British members. Its arrival in 1928 led to nationwide protests under the slogan “Simon Go Back.”

1. Who chaired the committee that prepared the Nehru Report of 1928?

A. Motilal Nehru B. Jawaharlal Nehru C. Tej Bahadur Sapru D. C.R. Das

Answer: A. Motilal Nehru

Explanation: The Nehru Report proposed a constitutional framework for India and recommended dominion status, fundamental rights and responsible government.

1. Who threw bombs in the Central Legislative Assembly in 1929?

A. Chandrashekhar Azad and Rajguru B. Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt C. Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqullah Khan D. Surya Sen and Ganesh Ghosh

Answer: B. Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt

Explanation: They threw low-intensity bombs in the Assembly in Delhi and deliberately courted arrest to publicise their revolutionary message.

1. At which Congress session was the Purna Swaraj resolution adopted?

A. Calcutta Session, 1906 B. Karachi Session, 1931 C. Lahore Session, 1929 D. Haripura Session, 1938

Answer: C. Lahore Session, 1929

Explanation: The Lahore Session was presided over by Jawaharlal Nehru. The Congress declared complete independence, or Purna Swaraj, as its objective.

1. Which date was observed as the first Independence Day following the Purna Swaraj declaration?

A. 15 August 1929 B. 26 January 1930 C. 31 December 1929 D. 9 August 1930

Answer: B. 26 January 1930

Explanation: The Congress called upon Indians to observe 26 January 1930 as Independence Day. This historical association later influenced the selection of 26 January as Republic Day.

1. Which colonial law did Gandhi directly challenge through the Dandi March?

A. Arms Act B. Vernacular Press Act C. Forest Act D. Salt Law

Answer: D. Salt Law

Explanation: Gandhi began the march from Sabarmati Ashram on 12 March 1930 and broke the Salt Law at Dandi on 6 April 1930, launching the Civil Disobedience Movement. The dates are recorded in the Gandhi Heritage Portal chronology.

1. Who led the Chittagong Armoury Raid of 1930?

A. Surya Sen B. Jatin Das C. Khudiram Bose D. Prafulla Chaki

Answer: A. Surya Sen

Explanation: Surya Sen, popularly known as Masterda, led the raid on the police and auxiliary armouries in Chittagong on 18 April 1930. The event is documented in the Government of India’s Chittagong Armoury Raid archive.

1. In which year was the Gandhi–Irwin Pact signed?

A. 1929 B. 1931 C. 1933 D. 1935

Answer: B. 1931

Explanation: The pact was signed on 5 March 1931. Gandhi agreed to suspend the Civil Disobedience Movement, and the government agreed to concessions, including the release of many political prisoners.

1. Mahatma Gandhi attended which Round Table Conference as the Congress representative?

A. First Round Table Conference B. Third Round Table Conference C. Second Round Table Conference D. All three conferences

Answer: C. Second Round Table Conference

Explanation: Gandhi attended the Second Round Table Conference in London in 1931 as the sole official representative of the Indian National Congress.

1. The Poona Pact of 1932 was concluded between Mahatma Gandhi and whom?

A. Muhammad Ali Jinnah B. Ramsay MacDonald C. Madan Mohan Malaviya D. B.R. Ambedkar

Answer: D. B.R. Ambedkar

Explanation: The pact provided reserved seats for the Depressed Classes within joint electorates, replacing the separate-electorate arrangement announced under the Communal Award.

1. Which important feature was introduced by the Government of India Act, 1935?

A. Complete independence B. Universal adult franchise C. Provincial autonomy D. Abolition of princely states

Answer: C. Provincial autonomy

Explanation: The Act granted greater autonomy to the provinces and provided for elected provincial governments. It also proposed an all-India federation that never fully came into operation.

1. Who founded the Forward Bloc in 1939?

A. Subhas Chandra Bose B. Jawaharlal Nehru C. Vallabhbhai Patel D. Jayaprakash Narayan

Answer: A. Subhas Chandra Bose

Explanation: Subhas Chandra Bose founded the Forward Bloc after resigning from the presidency of the Indian National Congress.

1. Who was selected by Gandhi as the first Individual Satyagrahi in 1940?

A. Jawaharlal Nehru B. Rajendra Prasad C. Vallabhbhai Patel D. Vinoba Bhave

Answer: D. Vinoba Bhave

Explanation: Vinoba Bhave was selected as the first Individual Satyagrahi. Jawaharlal Nehru was among the subsequent participants.

1. Who headed the Cripps Mission that came to India in 1942?

A. Lord Wavell B. Sir Stafford Cripps C. Lord Linlithgow D. Clement Attlee

Answer: B. Sir Stafford Cripps

Explanation: The British government sent Sir Stafford Cripps to India with constitutional proposals during the Second World War. The proposals failed to secure Indian political support.

1. Where and when was the Quit India resolution adopted?

A. Lahore, December 1929 B. Calcutta, September 1920 C. Bombay, August 1942 D. Karachi, March 1931

Answer: C. Bombay, August 1942

Explanation: The All India Congress Committee adopted the Quit India resolution at Bombay’s Gowalia Tank Maidan on 8 August 1942.

1. Which call did Gandhi give during the Quit India Movement?

A. “Do or Die” B. “Delhi Chalo” C. “Jai Hind” D. “Swaraj is my birthright”

Answer: A. “Do or Die”

Explanation: Gandhi called upon Indians to “Do or Die” during the Quit India Movement. Most senior Congress leaders were arrested immediately after the resolution.

1. Who established the Provisional Government of Azad Hind in Singapore in 1943?

A. Rash Behari Bose B. Mohan Singh C. Bhagat Singh D. Subhas Chandra Bose

Answer: D. Subhas Chandra Bose

Explanation: Subhas Chandra Bose proclaimed the Provisional Government of Free India, or Azad Hind Government, on 21 October 1943 and led the reorganised Indian National Army.

1. Which mission came to India in 1946 and proposed the formation of a Constituent Assembly?

A. Cripps Mission B. Cabinet Mission C. Simon Commission D. Hunter Commission

Answer: B. Cabinet Mission

Explanation: The Cabinet Mission proposed a constitutional arrangement for transferring power and recommended the formation of a Constituent Assembly.

1. Which plan announced on 3 June 1947 formed the immediate basis for the partition and transfer of power?

A. Wavell Plan B. August Offer C. Mountbatten Plan D. Cabinet Mission Plan

Answer: C. Mountbatten Plan

Explanation: The Mountbatten Plan accepted the partition of British India. It was followed by the Indian Independence Act, 1947, which created the independent Dominions of India and Pakistan.

Quick Answer Key Q. Ans. Q. Ans. Q. Ans. Q. Ans. Q. Ans. 1 B 11 A 21 A 31 B 41 D 2 C 12 B 22 D 32 D 42 C 3 C 13 C 23 C 33 A 43 A 4 A 14 B 24 B 34 B 44 D 5 B 15 C 25 A 35 C 45 B 6 B 16 B 26 C 36 B 46 C 7 C 17 D 27 D 37 D 47 A 8 D 18 A 28 B 38 A 48 D 9 B 19 C 29 A 39 B 49 B 10 C 20 B 30 C 40 C 50 C Check Your Score Score Preparation level 45–50 Excellent—strong command of the freedom movement 38–44 Very good—revise a few dates and personalities 30–37 Average—more chronological revision is required 20–29 Basic preparation—study the major movements again Below 20 Begin with the timeline and revise topic-wise

A good score should reflect understanding, not only memorisation. Candidates should analyse every incorrect answer and connect it with the corresponding event, leader and year.

How to Prepare the Indian Freedom Movement for Exams

1. Study chronologically

Divide the movement into five broad stages:

Revolt of 1857 Early nationalism and the Moderate period Swadeshi, Extremist and Home Rule phases Gandhian mass movements Revolutionary activities and the transfer of power

Chronological study prevents confusion between similar events.

1. Create a year–event notebook

Write only one or two lines for every major year.

For example:

1885—Indian National Congress founded 1905—Partition of Bengal 1916—Lucknow Pact and Home Rule Movement 1919—Rowlatt Act and Jallianwala Bagh 1920—Non-Cooperation Movement 1930—Dandi March 1942—Quit India Movement 1947—Independence 3. Prepare leader–movement combinations

Government exams frequently ask which leader was associated with a place, movement, session or organisation.

Leader Important association Bahadur Shah Zafar Symbolic leader of the Revolt of 1857 Nana Sahib Kanpur revolt Begum Hazrat Mahal Lucknow revolt Rani Lakshmibai Jhansi revolt Dadabhai Naoroji Drain Theory Bal Gangadhar Tilak Home Rule and assertive nationalism Annie Besant Home Rule League Mahatma Gandhi Satyagraha and mass movements C.R. Das Swaraj Party Motilal Nehru Swaraj Party and Nehru Report Surya Sen Chittagong Armoury Raid Subhas Chandra Bose Forward Bloc, INA and Azad Hind Vinoba Bhave First Individual Satyagrahi 4. Learn Congress sessions selectively

Important sessions include:

Bombay, 1885—First INC session Surat, 1907—Moderate–Extremist split Lucknow, 1916—Congress–League agreement Belgaum, 1924—Presided over by Gandhi Lahore, 1929—Purna Swaraj Karachi, 1931—Fundamental Rights and economic programme Haripura, 1938—Subhas Chandra Bose elected president Tripuri, 1939—Political conflict over Bose’s presidency 5. Revise confusing pairs Common confusion Correct distinction Annie Besant and Sarojini Naidu First woman INC president; first Indian woman INC president Lord Curzon and Lord Dalhousie Partition of Bengal; Doctrine of Lapse Reginald Dyer and Michael O’Dwyer Ordered Jallianwala firing; Lieutenant-Governor of Punjab Champaran and Kheda Indigo cultivators; land-revenue suspension Non-Cooperation and Civil Disobedience 1920; 1930 First and Second Round Table Conference Congress absent; Gandhi represented Congress Cripps Mission and Cabinet Mission 1942 wartime proposals; 1946 transfer and constitutional plan Lahore Resolution and Lahore Congress Muslim League’s 1940 resolution; Congress’s 1929 Purna Swaraj session Frequently Asked Questions Is the Indian Freedom Movement important for government job examinations?

Yes. Questions from the Revolt of 1857, Congress sessions, Gandhian movements, revolutionary organisations and constitutional developments appear regularly in General Awareness sections.

Which period should candidates study first?

Begin with the period from 1885 to 1947. After understanding the major national movements, revise the Revolt of 1857 and earlier resistance.

How should I remember freedom-movement dates?

Prepare a one-page timeline and revise it regularly. Connect every year with one major event instead of memorising isolated dates.

What are the most important Gandhian movements?

The most important are:

Champaran Satyagraha Kheda Satyagraha Ahmedabad Mill Strike Rowlatt Satyagraha Non-Cooperation Movement Civil Disobedience Movement Quit India Movement Who was the first woman president of the Indian National Congress?

Annie Besant was the first woman Congress president in 1917. Sarojini Naidu became the first Indian woman Congress president in 1925.

Which Congress session declared Purna Swaraj?

The Purna Swaraj resolution was adopted at the Lahore Session of 1929 under Jawaharlal Nehru’s presidency.

Why was the Simon Commission boycotted?

The Commission had no Indian member, despite being appointed to examine India’s constitutional progress.

Which movement was withdrawn after Chauri Chaura?

Gandhi withdrew the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1922 after the violent Chauri Chaura incident.

Who led the Indian National Army?

The first INA was associated with Captain Mohan Singh. Subhas Chandra Bose later reorganised and led the INA and established the Provisional Government of Azad Hind.

What happened after the Cabinet Mission?

The Cabinet Mission proposed a Constituent Assembly and a constitutional framework. Political disagreements continued, and the Mountbatten Plan of June 1947 ultimately provided for partition and the transfer of power.

Final Revision Advice

To master the Indian Freedom Movement:

Learn the chronological timeline. Connect leaders with their movements. Memorise important Congress sessions. Revise major Acts and commissions. Practise 20–30 MCQs regularly. Maintain a notebook of incorrect answers. Revise confusing facts in comparison tables. Attempt a timed test after every revision.

Do not memorise dates without understanding the sequence of events. Once the chronology becomes clear, questions about leaders, movements, sessions and Acts become much easier.

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